Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) is a process that assesses the competency of an individual who may have acquired the necessary knowledge and skills, as specified in the training package, through formal, non-formal and informal learning.

• Formal learning refers to learning that takes place through a structured program of instruction and is linked to the attainment of an AQF qualification or statement of attainment (for example, a certificate, diploma or university degree);
• Non-formal learning refers to learning that takes place through a structured program of instruction, but does not lead to the attainment of an AQF qualification or statement of attainment (for example, in-house professional development programs conducted by a business); and
• Informal learning refers to learning that results through experience of work-related, social, family, hobby or leisure activities (for example the acquisition of interpersonal skills developed through several years as a sales representative).

The traditional pathway to achieving a VET qualification involves undertaking structured training followed by assessment to determine competency. RPL acknowledges that learning can occur in various contexts and allows individuals to bypass the training component and proceed straight to the assessment if they can prove sufficient prior learning has taken place.

As RPL is applied at the unit of competency level, a student can seek RPL for specific units within a qualification, even if they require formal training for others. While RPL applicants may have already completed the learning component (formally, non-formally, or informally), they still need to undertake the assessment process so that the RTO can ensure that the student meets all of the required knowledge and skills as outlined in the unit of competency.